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1.
Rev. salud pública ; 11(4): 559-567, jul.-ago. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-538749

RESUMO

Objetivo Evaluar los conocimientos adquiridos por la consejería pretest para el VIH, en personas que acudieron a un hospital nacional de Lima, Perú. Método Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, que se realizó en 499 personas que acudieron a la Estrategia Sanitaria Nacional de Prevención y Control de ITS/VIH y SIDA, que fueron seleccionadas de manera probabilística de tipo intencional. Se aplicó una entrevista estructurada que utilizó un cuestionario validado por expertos con preguntas directas. Se definió como variable de conocimiento correcto a un puntaje ≥75 por ciento de respuestas correctas y como variable de conocimiento incorrecto a un puntaje <75 por ciento de respuestas incorrectas. Resultados El 64,1 por ciento (n = 320) de los encuestados fueron mujeres. El grupo de edad con mayor numero de respuestas correctas (40,3 por ciento, n=201) fue el de 22 a 28 años, (p<0,05). Las personas que acudieron por pareja con diagnóstico reciente de VIH/ SIDA, tuvieron mayor cantidad de respuestas correctas (12,3 en promedio). Los hombres alcanzaron un mayor nivel de conocimientos correctos (63,6 por ciento) en comparación con las mujeres (36,4 por ciento), (p<0,05). Solo 4,4 por ciento (n=22) del total, alcanzaron un nivel de conocimiento correcto. Conclusión El nivel de conocimiento adquirido con la consejería pretest en este hospital fue deficiente, no cumpliendo los objetivos de la misma. Se sugiere cambiar la metodología para que pueda aumentar la retención de información por las personas, y de esta manera reducir la morbi-mortalidad en ITS y VIH/ SIDA.


Objective Evaluating the knowledge acquired by the pre-test counselling programme in a national hospital in Lima Peru. Method A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on 499 patients attending the National STI/HIV Prevention and Control Sanitary Strategy service after they had been counselled. The patients were intentionally selected by probabilistic means. A questionnaire having direct questions was applied; it had been previously validated by experts. ≥75 percent of correct answers was defined as being a variable of correct knowledge and <75 percent of correct answers as incorrect knowledge. Results 64.1 percent (n=320) of the patients were female. The age group having a better level of knowledge after counselling was the 22-28 year old group, 40.3 percent (n=201) (p<0.05). People having a partner diagnosed as having HIV/AIDS answered more questions correctly (12.3 on average). Men showed higher correct knowledge (63.6 percent) related to women (36.4 percent) (p<0.05). Only 4.4 percent (n=22) of the patients had a correct level of knowledge. Conclusion The pre-test counselling programme did not improve knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. It is thus suggested that the approach and method should be changed so that patients become well-informed, thereby reducing STI and HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Aconselhamento , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Hospitais Urbanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Área Programática de Saúde , Peru/epidemiologia , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 11(4): 559-67, 2009 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20169212

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the knowledge acquired by the pre-test counselling programme in a national hospital in Lima Peru. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on 499 patients attending the National STI/HIV Prevention and Control Sanitary Strategy service after they had been counselled. The patients were intentionally selected by probabilistic means. A questionnaire having direct questions was applied; it had been previously validated by experts. > or = 75 % of correct answers was defined as being a variable of correct knowledge and <75 % of correct answers as incorrect knowledge. RESULTS: 64.1 % (n=320) of the patients were female. The age group having a better level of knowledge after counselling was the 22-28 year old group, 40.3 % (n=201) (p<0.05). People having a partner diagnosed as having HIV/AIDS answered more questions correctly (12.3 on average). Men showed higher correct knowledge (63.6 %) related to women (36.4 %) (p<0.05). Only 4.4 % (n=22) of the patients had a correct level of knowledge. CONCLUSION: The pre-test counselling programme did not improve knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. It is thus suggested that the approach and method should be changed so that patients become well-informed, thereby reducing STI and HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality.


Assuntos
Aconselhamento , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Hospitais Urbanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Área Programática de Saúde , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Peru/epidemiologia , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Adulto Jovem
4.
Acta méd. peru ; 25(2): 58-62, abr.-jun. 2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-506770

RESUMO

Introducción: la bartonelosis humana por Bartonella bacilliformis (BHxBb) o enfermedad de Carrión (EC) es una enfermedad prevalente de los valles interandinos del Perú, tradicionalmente en zonas endémicas reconocidas como Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín y Amazonas. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se han identificado nuevas zonas endémicas como el Valle Sagrado de los Incas, en el Cusco. Objetivo: describir los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre la bartonelosis aguda (BA) o fiebre de la Oroya (FO), en pobladores del distrito de Ollantaytambo, provincia de Urubamba, Valle Sagrado de los Incas, en el departamento del Cusco en julio del año 2004. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP), utilizando como instrumento una encuesta. Ésta se aplicó a 280 pobladores de diez comunidades en riesgo para bartonelosis aguda o fiebre de la Oroya. Se elaboró una clave de respuestas para determinar el nivel de conocimientos que se clasificó en tres niveles. Resultados: encontramos que, 151/280 (53,94%) pobladores pertenecían al nivel III (avanzado); en caso de presentar sintomatología, 228/242 (94,21%) acudirían a la posta médica; y que 32,02% (92/242) no realiza ninguna medida preventiva. Conclusiones: más de la mitad reconoce de manera óptima aspectos elementales sobre la bartonelosis y el vector que la transmite. La población en su mayoría desconoce qué medidas preventivas son efectivas para evitar la enfermedad, por lo tanto no las practica. Paralelamente la población tiene actitudes favorables para prevenir la enfermedad.


Introduction: Bartonellosis is a prevalent disease in Andean valleys of Peru, typically in endemic areas such as Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín, and Amazonas. However, in the past few years, new endemic areas have been identified, such as the Sacred Valley of the Incas in Cusco. Objective: To describe knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Bartonellosis in persons living in Ollantaytambo District, Urubamba Province in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, Cusco-Peru, July 2004. Materials and Methods: A knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) survey was conducted in 280 persons from ten communities identified as being at risk for Bartonellosis in Ollantaytambo. A score was used to identify knowledge levels in three categories. Results: We found that 151/280 persons (53.94%) had advanced (level III) knowledge, that in case of feeling sick, 228/242 (94.21%) residents would go to the health care center, and that 32.02% (92/242) do not practice any activity to prevent Bartonellosis. Conclusions: More than half of people living in the surveyed areas adequately recognize basic aspects regarding Bartonellosis and the vector involved in its transmission. Most people do not know preventive measures against; therefore, they do not practice such activities. However, they have a favorable attitude for preventing the disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Bartonella bacilliformis , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Infecções por Bartonella , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
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